Get Tested for Breast Cancer

False 16 English 9 Get Tested for Breast Cancer Screening Tests, Breast and Ovarian Health Conditions and Diseases, Women 4/25/2013 3:45:44 PM http://www.healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/glmedia/icons/gettestedforbreastcancer.jpg woman smiling http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/Category/doctor-visits/screening-tests/get-tested-for-breast-cancer Get Tested for Cervical Cancer http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/Category/doctor-visits/screening-tests/get-tested-for-cervical-cancer topic Get Screened http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/Category/doctor-visits/screening-tests/get-screened topic Mammograms: Questions for the doctor http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/Category/doctor-visits/talking-with-the-doctor/mammograms-questions-for-the-doctor tool Menopause: Questions for the doctor http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/Category/doctor-visits/talking-with-the-doctor/menopause-questions-for-the-doctor tool Genetic Testing for Breast and Ovarian Cancer: Questions for the doctor http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/Category/doctor-visits/talking-with-the-doctor/genetic-testing-for-breast-and-ovarian-cancer-questions-for-the-doctor tool Get Your Well-Woman Visit Every Year http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/Category/everyday-healthy-living/sexual-health/get-your-well-woman-visit-every-year topic

The Basics A mammogram can help your doctor find breast cancer early. You have a better chance of surviving breast cancer if it’s found early. Mammograms can help find breast cancer early. You have a better chance of surviving breast cancer if it’s found and treated early. <ul > <li>Women ages 40 to 49: Talk with your doctor about when to start getting mammograms and how often you need them.</li> <li>Women ages 50 to 74: Get mammograms every 2 years. Talk with your doctor to decide if you need them more often.</li> </ul>What is a mammogram? A mammogram is an x-ray of the breast. Mammograms use a very low level of x‑rays, which are a type of radiation. A mammogram is very safe. When you get mammograms, the nurse will place your breasts, one at a time, between 2 plastic plates and take pictures of them. Mammograms may be uncomfortable for some women, but they don’t hurt. It takes only about 20 minutes to get mammograms. What if the doctor finds something wrong with my breast? Mammograms let the doctor or nurse look for small lumps inside your breast. If a lump is found, the doctor or nurse will do other tests to find out if it’s cancer. The doctor or nurse may take a small bit of tissue from the lump for testing. This is called a biopsy (“BY-op-see”).What is breast cancer? Abnormal cells in the breast can turn into cancer. Breast cancer can spread to other parts of the body.About 1 in 8 women born today in the United States will get breast cancer at some time during her life. After skin cancer, breast cancer is the most common kind of cancer in women. The good news is that many women can survive breast cancer if it’s found and treated early.Talk with your doctor or nurse if you notice any of these changes:<ul><li>A lump in the breast</li><li>A change in size, shape, or feel of the breast</li><li>Fluid (called discharge) coming out of a nipple</li></ul>Visit these Web sites to learn more:<ul><li><a href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/tutorials/breastcancer/htm/index.htm" >Breast Cancer Presentation</a></li><li><a href="http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/wyntk/breast" >What You Need To Know About Breast Cancer</a></li></ul>

Take Action! Call your doctor or clinic today to schedule a mammogram. Find out when and how often to get mammograms.Talk with your doctor. For women age 40 or older, talk with your doctor about when to start getting mammograms and how often to get them.If you are a woman ages 50 to 74, talk with your doctor about getting mammograms every 2 years. You may choose to start getting mammograms earlier or to get them more often. Together, you and your doctor can decide what’s best for you.<ul ><li><a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTool.aspx?toolId=31">Use these questions to start a conversation with your doctor about mammograms</a>.</li><li><a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTopic.aspx?topicId=51">Tell your doctor if anyone in your family has had breast or ovarian cancer</a>.</li><li>If you have a family history of breast or ovarian cancer, <a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTool.aspx?toolId=55">use these questions to talk with your doctor about genetic testing</a>.</li><li>Ask about ways you may be able to help lower your breast cancer risk.</li></ul>What about cost? Mammograms are covered for women over age 40 under the <a href="http://www.healthcare.gov/law/features/rights/preventive-care/index.html" >Affordable Care Act</a>, the health care reform law passed in 2010. Depending on your insurance plan, you may be able to get mammograms at no cost to you.Check with your insurance company to find out what’s included in your plan. <a href="http://www.healthcare.gov/news/factsheets/2010/07/preventive-services-list.html" >For information about other services covered by the Affordable Care Act, visit HealthCare.gov</a>.You can still get mammograms even if you don’t have private insurance.<ul ><li><a href="http://apps.nccd.cdc.gov/dcpc_Programs/default.aspx?NPID=1" >Find a program near you that offers free or low-cost mammograms</a>.</li><li><a href="http://www.medicare.gov/coverage/mammograms.html" >Find out how often Medicare pays for mammograms</a>.</li></ul>Get support. Use these tips to get support when you get mammograms.<ul ><li>Talk with other women who have had mammograms to learn more about what to expect.</li><li>When you go to the doctor for mammograms, ask a family member or friend to go with you.</li></ul>Make sure to ask when you will get your mammogram results. When you get the results, ask the doctor or nurse to <a href="http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/screening/understanding-breast-changes/page6" >explain what the results mean</a>.<a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTopic.aspx?topicId=98">Get your well-woman visit every year</a>. Talk to your doctor or nurse about other important screenings and services to help you stay healthy.

Start Today: Small Steps <ul><li><a href="http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/screening/understanding-breast-changes/page3">Tell your doctor if either of your breasts looks or feels different</a>.</li><li><a href="http://www.cdc.gov/features/familyhealthhistory/">Gather your family medical history</a>. </li><li>Talk with your doctor about when to have your next mammograms.</li></ul>

The Basics Check your blood pressure at least every 2 years starting at age 18. Check your blood pressure at least every 2 years starting at age 18. It’s important to check your blood pressure often, especially if you are over age 40.High blood pressure is the same as hypertension. Hypertension (“hy-puhr-TEHN-shun”) is the medical term for high blood pressure. High blood pressure has no signs or symptoms. The only way to know if you have high blood pressure is to get tested.By taking steps to lower your blood pressure, you can reduce your risk of heart disease, stroke, and kidney failure. Lowering your blood pressure can also help you live a longer, healthier life.What is blood pressure? Blood pressure is how hard your blood pushes against the walls of your arteries when your heart pumps blood.Arteries are the tubes that carry blood away from your heart. Every time your heart beats, it pumps blood through your arteries to the rest of your body.How can I get my blood pressure checked? To test your blood pressure, the nurse or doctor will put a cuff around your upper arm and pump up the cuff with air until it feels tight.This usually takes less than a minute. The doctor or nurse can tell you what your blood pressure numbers are right after the test is over.You can also check your own blood pressure with a blood pressure machine. You can find blood pressure machines in malls, pharmacies, and grocery stores.What do blood pressure numbers mean? A blood pressure test measures you how hard your heart is working to pump blood through your body.Blood pressure is measured with 2 numbers. The first number is the pressure in your arteries when your heart beats. The second number is the pressure in your arteries between each beat, when your heart relaxes.Compare your blood pressure to these numbers:<ul ><li>Normal blood pressure is lower than 120/80 (said “120 over 80”).</li><li>High blood pressure is 140/90 or higher.</li><li>Blood pressure that’s between normal and high (for example, 130/85) is called prehypertension (“PREE-hy-puhr-tehn-shun”), or high normal blood pressure.</li></ul>Am I at risk for high blood pressure? One in 3 Americans has high blood pressure. Most Americans over age 40 are at risk.You may be at extra risk for high blood pressure if you:<ul ><li>Are overweight or obese</li><li>Smoke</li><li>Have a family history of high blood pressure</li><li>Eat foods high in sodium (salt)</li><li>Get less than 30 minutes of activity on most days</li><li>Drink more than a moderate amount of alcohol (2 drinks a day for men or 1 drink a day for women)</li></ul><a href="http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/hbp/atrisk.html" >Learn more about what could put you at risk for high blood pressure</a>.What if I have high blood pressure? If you have high blood pressure, talk to your doctor.Take these steps to lower your blood pressure:<ul><li><a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTopic.aspx?topicId=21">Eat healthy foods</a> that are low in saturated fat and sodium (salt).</li><li><a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTopic.aspx?topicId=22">Be active</a> – Aim for 2 hours and 30 minutes a week of moderate aerobic activity.</li><li><a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTopic.aspx?topicId=25">Lose weight</a> by eating healthy and getting active.</li></ul>Small changes can add up. For example, losing just 10 pounds can lower your blood pressure by several points. Some people may need medicine to control their blood pressure.Learn more about managing high blood pressure:<ul ><li><a href="http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/hbp/treat/question.htm" >Print out this list of questions to ask your doctor about blood pressure</a>.</li><li><a href="http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/hbp/treat/treat.htm" >Check out this guide to lowering high blood pressure</a>.</li></ul>

Take Action! If you smoke, take steps to quit. Smoking increases your chances of having high blood pressure. Find out your blood pressure as soon as possible. If you have high blood pressure, take steps to protect your health.Check your blood pressure regularly. Many shopping malls, pharmacies, and grocery stores have blood pressure machines you can use. Most of these machines don’t cost any money.<ul ><li><a href="http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/high-blood-pressure/HI00016/METHOD=print" >Get tips on checking your blood pressure at home</a>. </li><li><a href="http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/public/heart/hbp/hbpwallet.pdf" >Print this tool to keep track of your blood pressure [PDF - 663 KB]</a>.</li></ul>You can also have a doctor or nurse check your blood pressure.What about cost? Blood pressure testing is covered under the <a href="http://www.healthcare.gov/law/features/rights/preventive-care/index.html" >Affordable Care Act</a>, the health care reform law passed in 2010. Depending on your insurance, you may be able to get your blood pressure checked by a doctor or nurse at no cost to you.Check with your insurance provider to find out what's included in your plan. <a href="http://www.healthcare.gov/news/factsheets/2010/07/preventive-services-list.html" >For information about other services covered by the Affordable Care Act, visit HealthCare.gov</a>.<a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTopic.aspx?topicId=21">Eat healthy</a>. Eating less sodium (salt) can lower your blood pressure. Look for foods that say “low sodium,” “reduced sodium,” or “no salt added.”When you go food shopping, <a href="http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/hbp/prevent/sodium/lflabel.htm" >check the Nutrition Facts label for the Daily Value (DV) of sodium</a>. Choose foods with 5% or less of the DV (Daily Value) of sodium. Foods with a DV of 20% or more are high in sodium.Eating more potassium can also help lower your blood pressure. Good sources of potassium include potatoes, cantaloupe, bananas, beans, and yogurt.Get more tips to:<ul ><li><a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTool.aspx?toolId=57">Reduce the sodium (salt) in your diet</a></li><li><a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTool.aspx?toolId=58">Shop for low sodium foods</a></li><li><a href="http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/hbp/prevent/h_eating/tips.htm" >Make healthier meals</a></li></ul><a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTopic.aspx?topicId=22">Get active</a>. Regular physical activity can reduce your risk of high blood pressure. Aim for 2 hours and 30 minutes a week of moderate activity, like:<ul><li>Walking fast</li><li>Dancing</li><li>Riding bikes</li><li>Swimming</li><li>Aerobics</li></ul><a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTopic.aspx?topicId=24">Quit smoking</a>. Smoking increases your chance of having high blood pressure. <a href="http://www.smokefree.gov/quit-guide.aspx" >Get tips to quit</a> – for good.<a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTopic.aspx?topicId=16">Drink alcohol only in moderation</a>. This means no more than 2 drinks a day for men or 1 drink a day for women.<a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTopic.aspx?topicID=45">Manage your stress</a>. Managing stress can help prevent and control high blood pressure. Deep breathing and meditation are good ways to relax and manage stress.

Start Today: Small Steps <ul><li><a href="http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/HighBloodPressure/AboutHighBloodPressure/The-Scoop-on-Sodium-Quiz_UCM_303316_Article.jsp" >Take this quiz to test your knowledge about sodium and blood pressure</a>. </li><li>Eat fresh fruit for dessert.</li><li><a href="http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/public/heart/obesity/lose_wt/recipes.htm">Get recipes for cooking the heart-healthy way</a>. </li></ul>

The Basics If you are a woman age 65 or older, get a bone density test to measure how strong your bones are. A bone density test measures how strong your bones are. The test will tell you if you are at risk for osteoporosis (“os-tee-oh-puh-ROH-sis”).<ul ><li>If you are a woman age 65 or older, schedule a bone density test.</li><li>If you are a woman age 50 to 64, ask your doctor if you need a bone density test.</li></ul>If you are at risk for osteoporosis, your doctor or nurse may recommend getting a bone density test every 2 years.Men can get osteoporosis, too. If you are a man over age 65 and concerned about your bone strength, talk with your doctor or nurse.What happens during a bone density test? A bone density test is like an x-ray or scan of your body. A bone density test doesn’t hurt. It only takes about 15 minutes.What is osteoporosis? Osteoporosis is a bone disease. It means your bones are weak and more likely to break. People with osteoporosis most often break bones in the hip, spine, and wrist.Anyone can get osteoporosis, but it’s most common in older women. The older you are, the greater your risk for osteoporosis.There are no signs or symptoms of osteoporosis. You might not know you have the disease until you break a bone. That’s why it’s so important to get a bone density test to measure your bone strength.Learn more about osteoporosis and bone health:<ul ><li><a href="http://www.niams.nih.gov/Health_Info/Bone/osteoporosis/Isabel_story.asp" >Isabel’s Story</a></li><li><a href="http://www.niams.nih.gov/Health_Info/Bone/SGR/SGRBoneHealth_Eng.pdf" >Surgeon General’s Report on Bone Health and Osteoporosis: What it Means to You [PDF – 1 MB]</a></li></ul>What if I have osteoporosis? If you have osteoporosis, you can still help slow bone loss by finding and treating it early. Treating osteoporosis can keep you healthier and more active. It can also lower your chances of breaking a bone.Depending on the results of your bone density test, you may need to:<ul ><li>Add more calcium and vitamin D to your diet</li><li>Exercise more to strengthen your bones</li><li>Get medicine to stop bone loss</li></ul>Your doctor can tell you what steps are right for you. It doesn’t matter how old you are – it’s not too late to stop bone loss!

Take Action! Stay active to help slow bone loss. Take these steps to protect your bone health.Schedule a bone density test. Ask your doctor if you are at risk for osteoporosis. Find out when to start getting bone density tests.<a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTool.aspx?toolId=46">Print these questions for your doctor about preventing osteoporosis</a>. Take them to your next checkup.What about cost? Screening for osteoporosis is covered under the <a href="http://www.healthcare.gov/law/features/rights/preventive-care/index.html" >Affordable Care Act</a>, the health care reform law passed in 2010. Depending on your insurance plan, you may be able to get screened at no cost to you.<ul ><li>If you have private insurance, check with your insurance provider to find out what’s included in your plan. Ask about the Affordable Care Act.</li><li>If you have Medicare, <a href="http://www.medicare.gov/coverage/bone-density.html" >find out about Medicare coverage for bone density tests</a>.</li><li>If you don’t have health insurance, you can still get a bone density test. To learn more, <a href="http://findahealthcenter.hrsa.gov/Search_HCC.aspx" > find a health center near you</a>.</li></ul><a href="http://www.healthcare.gov/news/factsheets/2010/07/preventive-services-list.html" >For information about other services covered by the Affordable Care Act, visit HealthCare.gov</a>.<a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTopic.aspx?topicId=40">Get enough calcium</a>. Calcium helps keep your bones strong. <a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTool.aspx?toolId=47">Use this calcium shopping list</a> to help you find foods high in calcium, like:<ul><li>Low-fat or fat-free milk, cheese, and yogurt</li><li>Almonds</li><li>Broccoli and greens</li><li>Tofu with added calcium</li><li>Orange juice with added calcium</li><li>Calcium pills</li></ul>Get enough vitamin D. Vitamin D helps your body use calcium. Both vitamin D and calcium are needed for strong bones.Your body makes vitamin D when you are out in the sun. You can also get vitamin D from:<ul><li>Salmon or tuna</li><li>Fat-free or low-fat milk with added vitamin D</li><li>Some breakfast cereals, juices, and yogurt with added vitamin D</li><li>Vitamin D pills</li></ul><a href="http://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminD-QuickFacts/#h2" >Find out how much vitamin D you need each day</a>.Stay away from cigarettes and alcohol. Cigarettes and alcohol can weaken your bones.<ul ><li>Learn more about how to <a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTopic.aspx?topicId=24">quit smoking</a>.</li><li>If you drink alcohol, <a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTopic.aspx?topicID=16">drink only in moderation</a>. This means no more than 1 drink a day for women and no more than 2 drinks a day for men.</li></ul><a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTopic.aspx?topicID=17">Lower your risk of falling</a>. Falls can be especially serious for people with weak bones. You can make small changes to help prevent falls, like doing exercises that improve your balance. For example, try walking backwards or standing from a sitting position.<a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTopic.aspx?topicId=22">Get active</a>. Physical activity can help slow down bone loss. Weight-bearing activities (like running and jumping jacks) can help keep your bones strong.<ul ><li>Aim for 2 hours and 30 minutes a week of moderate aerobic activity. If you are new to exercise, start with 10 minutes of activity at a time.</li><li>Do strengthening activities at least 2 days a week. These include lifting weights or using resistance bands (long rubber strips that stretch).</li><li>Find an exercise buddy. You will be more likely to stick with it if you exercise with a friend.</li></ul>If you have a health condition, be as active as you can be. Your doctor can help you choose the best activities for you.<a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTool.aspx?toolId=4">Use these tips to help you stay active as you get older</a>.Find an activity that works for you. Check with your local community or senior center to find fun, low-cost or free exercise options. Try something new, like:<ul><li>Aerobics</li><li>Tai chi (“ty chee”) – A Chinese mind-body exercise that involves moving slowly and gently</li><li>Yoga</li><li>Weight training</li><li>Walking with friends</li></ul><a href="http://go4life.nia.nih.gov/sites/default/files/FindingActivities.pdf" >Find healthy activities that you enjoy [PDF – 881 KB]</a>.

Start Today: Small Steps <ul><li><a href="http://nihseniorhealth.gov/osteoporosis/prevention/video/osteo3_na.html">Watch this short video on keeping your bones strong</a>.</li><li>Go for a walk around the neighborhood.</li><li><a href="http://go4life.nia.nih.gov/sites/default/files/FittingExercise.pdf">Find ways to fit exercise and physical activity into your day [PDF - 893 KB]</a>.</li></ul>

The Basics You can help prevent cervical cancer by getting regular screening tests (called Pap tests) and follow-up care. You can help prevent cervical cancer by getting regular screening tests (called Pap tests) and follow-up care. A Pap test (sometimes called a Pap smear) is done in a doctor’s office or clinic.Most deaths from cervical cancer could be prevented by regular Pap tests. A Pap test can find abnormal (changed) cells before they turn into cancer. Pap tests can also find cervical cancer early, when it usually can be cured.How often do I need to get tested? Women ages 21 to 29 need a Pap test every 3 years.Women ages 30 to 65 need to get screened every 3 or 5 years, depending on how they are tested. <ul ><li>If your doctor or nurse gives you just a Pap test, get screened every 3 years.</li><li>If your doctor or nurse gives you a Pap test and an HPV test, get screened every 5 years.</li></ul>If you are age 66 or older, ask your doctor if you need to get tested for cervical cancer.What happens during a Pap test? A Pap test takes about 2 to 5 minutes. It may feel uncomfortable, but a Pap test doesn’t hurt.While you lie on the exam table, the doctor or nurse will put a medical tool (called a speculum) into your vagina, opening it to see the cervix. She will use a special brush to collect a few cells from the cervix. These cells are sent to a lab to be checked by an expert.The doctor or nurse will also do a pelvic exam to check the uterus, ovaries, and other organs.<div ><img alt="Picture of a woman's lower reproductive organs including the fallopian tubes, ovaries, uterus, vagina, and cervix. The cervix connects the uterus - or womb - to the vagina." src="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ContentImages/cerv_cancer.gif" /><div >The cervix connects the uterus (or womb) to the vagina.</div> What is cervical cancer? Cervical cancer is cancer of the uterine cervix, which is the lower, narrow part of the uterus (or womb). The cervix connects the uterus to the vagina.Abnormal cells in the cervix can turn into cancer if they aren’t found early and treated. Cervical cancer is most common in women over age 30.Learn more about cervical cancer and screening:<ul ><li><a href="http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/cervical/pdf/cervical_facts.pdf" >Cervical Cancer [PDF - 897 KB]</a></li><li><a href="http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/screening/cervical/patient/allpages" >Cervical Cancer Screening</a></li></ul></div>

Take Action! Call a doctor’s office or health clinic to schedule a Pap test. Take these steps to help prevent cervical cancer.Schedule your Pap test. Call a doctor’s office or local health clinic to schedule your Pap test and pelvic exam.What about cost? Testing for cervical cancer is covered under the <a href="http://www.healthcare.gov/law/features/rights/preventive-care/index.html" >Affordable Care Act</a>, the health care reform law passed in 2010. Depending on your insurance plan, you may be able to get tested at no cost to you.<ul ><li>If you have private insurance, check with your insurance provider to find out what’s included in your plan. Ask about the Affordable Care Act.</li><li>If you don’t have insurance, <a href="http://apps.nccd.cdc.gov/dcpc_Programs/default.aspx?NPID=1" >find a program near you that offers free or low-cost Pap tests</a>.</li><li>If you have Medicare, <a href="http://www.medicare.gov/coverage/pap-tests-pelvic-exams-screening.html" >find out how often Medicare covers Pap tests and pelvic exams</a>.</li></ul><a href="http://www.healthcare.gov/news/factsheets/2010/07/preventive-services-list.html" >For information about other services covered by the Affordable Care Act, visit HealthCare.gov</a>.Get ready for your Pap test. Try to schedule your Pap test for a time when you won’t have your period. For 2 days before your test, doctors recommend that you don’t: <ul > <li>Use tampons</li> <li>Have sex</li> <li>Use birth control creams, foams, or jellies</li> <li>Douche (rinse the vagina with water or other liquid)</li> </ul> <a href="http://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/pap-test.cfm#m" >Get help understanding your Pap test result</a>.Lower your risk of cervical cancer. A major cause of cervical cancer is HPV (human papillomavirus). HPV is the most common STD (sexually transmitted disease).Some types of HPV can cause genital warts or anal cancer. Other types of HPV can cause cervical cancer.You are at higher risk of getting HPV if you:<ul ><li>Started having sex before age 18</li><li>Have unprotected sex</li><li>Have many different sex partners</li><li>Have a sex partner who has other sex partners</li></ul>Check out these Web sites for more information on HPV:<ul><li><a href="http://www.cdc.gov/std/HPV/STDFact-HPV.htm" >HPV Infection</a></li><li><a href="http://womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/human-papillomavirus.cfm" >HPV and Genital Warts</a></li></ul>Get the HPV vaccine. Doctors recommend that women age 26 and younger get the HPV vaccine. The vaccine protects against the types of HPV that cause cervical cancer and genital warts. <a href="http://www.cdc.gov/hpv/vaccine.html" >Find out more about the HPV vaccine</a>.Girls and boys can get the HPV vaccine, too. If you have kids, <a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTool.aspx?toolId=53">ask their doctor about the HPV vaccine</a>.<a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTopic.aspx?topicId=98">Get your well-woman visit every year</a>. Talk to your doctor or nurse about other important screenings and services to help you stay healthy.

Start Today: Small Steps <ul><li><a href="http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/screening/pap-tests-cervical-health">Check out these frequently asked questions about Pap tests</a>.</li><li>If you are under age 27, ask your doctor about getting the HPV vaccine.</li><li><a href="http://www2c.cdc.gov/podcasts/player.asp?f=9246" >Listen to this podcast about getting a Pap test</a>.</li></ul>

The Basics High cholesterol doesn’t have any signs or symptoms. That’s why it’s important to get your cholesterol checked. Too much cholesterol (“koh-LEHS-tuh-rahl”) in your blood can cause heart disease or a heart attack. You could have high cholesterol and not know it.The good news is that it’s easy to get your cholesterol checked. And if your cholesterol is high, you can take steps to control it.Who needs to get their cholesterol checked?<ul ><li>Men age 35 and older</li><li>Men under age 35 who have heart disease or risk factors for heart disease</li><li>Women who have heart disease or risk factors for heart disease</li></ul>How do I know if I have risk factors for heart disease? Risk factors for heart disease include:<ul><li>A family history of early heart disease</li><li>Hardening of the arteries (atherosclerosis)</li><li>Smoking</li><li>Diabetes</li><li>High blood pressure</li><li>Obesity</li></ul>Talk to your doctor or nurse about your risk factors for heart disease. Ask about getting your cholesterol checked.How do I check my cholesterol? Ask your doctor or nurse for a blood test called a lipid profile to measure your cholesterol levels.A small sample of blood will be taken from your finger or arm. Usually you can’t eat or drink anything (except water or sugar-free drinks) for 9 to 12 hours before the test.How often do I need to get my cholesterol checked? The general recommendation is to get your cholesterol checked every 5 years. Some people need to get it checked more or less often. Talk to your doctor about what’s best for you.What do the numbers mean? Your lipid profile will measure 4 things.Total cholesterol A total cholesterol level under 200 is good.HDL cholesterol This is the good type of cholesterol that lowers your risk for heart disease.<ul ><li>An HDL cholesterol level over 60 helps protect against heart disease.</li><li>An HDL cholesterol level under 40 is a major risk factor for heart disease.</li></ul>LDL cholesterol This is the bad type of cholesterol that can block your arteries.<ul ><li>If you are at low risk for heart disease, having LDL cholesterol under 160 is good.</li><li>If you have heart disease, diabetes, or a history of stroke, keep your LDL cholesterol under 100.</li><li>For most other people, having LDL cholesterol under 130 is good.</li></ul>Triglycerides (“try-GLIH-suh-rydz”) Triglycerides are a type of fat in your blood. Keep this number under 150.<a href="http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/hbc/diagnosis.html" >Find out more about getting your cholesterol checked</a>.What is cholesterol? Cholesterol is a waxy substance (material) that is naturally found in your body.Your body needs cholesterol to do important things, like make hormones and digest fatty foods. Your body makes all of the cholesterol it needs. Cholesterol is also in some foods, like egg yolks, fatty meats, and regular cheese.If you have too much cholesterol in your body, it can build up inside your blood vessels and make it hard for blood to flow. Over time, this can lead to heart disease and heart attack.What could raise my cholesterol levels? Many things can lead to too much cholesterol in your body, like:<ul ><li>Family history – high cholesterol can run in families.</li><li>Age – as you get older, your cholesterol levels go up.</li><li>Weight – being overweight or obese.</li><li>Eating habits – eating too much saturated fat, trans fat, and cholesterol.</li><li>Physical activity – not getting enough physical activity.</li></ul>There are no signs or symptoms of high cholesterol. That’s why it’s so important to get your cholesterol levels checked.What if I have high cholesterol? You can lower your cholesterol to help reduce your risk of heart disease and live a longer, healthier life. That’s why it’s so important to find out your cholesterol levels as soon as possible.As your cholesterol level gets higher, so does your risk of heart disease. Take these steps to lower your cholesterol:<ul ><li>Eat foods low in saturated fat, trans fat, and cholesterol.</li><li><a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTopic.aspx?topicId=22">Get active</a>.</li><li><a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTopic.aspx?topicId=25">Watch your weight</a>.</li><li><a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTopic.aspx?topicId=24">If you smoke, quit</a>.</li></ul>Ask your doctor if you also need a special diet or medicine to help lower your cholesterol.To learn more, <a href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/tutorials/managingcholesterol/htm/index.htm" >watch this short presentation on managing cholesterol</a>.

Take Action! Get more active to help manage your cholesterol. Find out what your cholesterol levels are. If your cholesterol is high, you can take steps to manage it.Make an appointment to get your cholesterol checked. Call your doctor’s office or health center. Schedule a time to get a blood test. Be sure to ask for a complete lipid profile.Remember not to eat or drink anything (except water or sugar-free drinks) for 9 to 12 hours before the test.<a href="http://www.heart.org/idc/groups/heart-public/@wcm/@hcm/documents/downloadable/ucm_305550.pdf" >Print these questions to ask your doctor about cholesterol [PDF - 121 KB]</a>. What about cost? Cholesterol testing is covered under the <a href="http://www.healthcare.gov/law/features/rights/preventive-care/index.html" >Affordable Care Act</a>, the health care reform law passed in 2010. Depending on your insurance plan, you may be able to get your cholesterol checked at no cost to you.<ul ><li>Check with your insurance provider to find out about your coverage for cholesterol testing. Ask about the Affordable Care Act.</li><li>You can still get your cholesterol checked even if you don’t have insurance. To learn more, <a href="http://findahealthcenter.hrsa.gov/Search_HCC.aspx" >find a health center near you</a>.</li></ul><a href="http://www.healthcare.gov/news/factsheets/2010/07/preventive-services-list.html" >For information about other services covered by the Affordable Care Act, visit HealthCare.gov</a>.Keep track of your cholesterol levels. Remember to ask your doctor for your cholesterol levels each time they are measured. <a href="http://www.heart.org/idc/groups/heart-public/@wcm/@hcm/documents/downloadable/ucm_308766.pdf" >Write the levels down on this chart [PDF - 110 KB]</a> to keep track of your progress.<a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTopic.aspx?topicId=21">Eat healthy</a>. Change your diet to help lower your cholesterol. This shopping list can help you <a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTool.aspx?toolId=2">find heart healthy foods</a>. Try to:<ul ><li>Eat less saturated fat, which comes from animal products (like regular cheese, fatty meats, and dairy desserts) and tropical oils (like palm, palm kernel, and coconut oil).</li><li>Stay away from trans fats, which may be in foods like cakes, cookies, stick margarines, and fried foods.</li><li>Limit foods that are high in cholesterol, including egg yolks, fatty meats, and organ meat (like liver and kidney).</li><li>Choose low-fat or fat-free milk, cheese, and yogurt.</li><li>Eat more foods that are high in fiber, like oatmeal, oat bran, beans, and lentils.</li><li>Eat more vegetables and fruits.</li></ul><a href="http://hp2010.nhlbihin.net/healthyeating/Default.aspx" >Try these heart healthy recipes and tips</a> to keep your cholesterol levels in check.<a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTopic.aspx?topicId=22">Get active</a>. Exercising regularly can help you lose weight, lower your LDL (bad) cholesterol, and raise your HDL (good) cholesterol. Aim for 2 hours and 30 minutes a week of moderate activity, such as:<ul><li>Walking fast</li><li>Swimming</li><li>Aerobics</li></ul><a href="http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/public/heart/obesity/phy_active_brief.pdf" >Get more tips on protecting your heart with physical activity [PDF - 426 KB]</a>.<a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTopic.aspx?topicId=24">Quit smoking</a>. Quitting smoking will help lower your cholesterol. If you smoke, make your plan to quit today. Call 1-800-QUIT-NOW (1-800-784-8669) for free support and to set up your quit plan.

Start Today: Small Steps <ul><li><a href="http://www.healthcalculators.org/calculators/cholesterol.asp" >Use this cholesterol calculator to measure your risk of heart disease</a>. </li><li>Call your doctor to schedule a cholesterol test.</li><li><a href="http://www.choosemyplate.gov/healthy-eating-tips/tips-for-eating-out.html">Get tips for making healthy choices while eating out</a>.</li></ul>

The Basics Get tested regularly for colorectal cancer starting at age 50. All it takes is a special exam (called a screening). If you are age 50 or older, get tested regularly for colorectal (“koh-loh-REK-tuhl”) cancer. All it takes is a visit to the doctor to have a special exam (called a screening).You may need to get tested before age 50 if colorectal cancer runs in your family. Talk with your doctor.How often should I get screened? How often you get screened will depend on your risk for colorectal cancer. It will also depend on which screening test is used.There are different ways to test for colorectal cancer. Some tests are done every 1 to 2 years. Other tests are done every 5 to 10 years. Your doctor can help you decide which test is right for you and how often to get screened.Most people can stop getting screened after age 75. Talk with your doctor.What happens during the test? There are different kinds of tests used to screen for colorectal cancer. Some tests you can do at home, such as a fecal occult blood test (FOBT). Other tests, such as a colonoscopy, must be done in a clinic or hospital.You may need to drink only clear liquids (like water or plain tea) the day before your test and use laxatives to clean out your colon. Your doctor will tell you how to get ready for your test.Does it hurt? Some people find the tests for colorectal cancer to be uncomfortable. Most people agree that the benefits to their health outweigh the discomfort.<div ><img alt="Picture of the colon, the part of the large instestine attached to the rectum." src="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ContentImages/col_cancer.gif" /><div >The colon is the longest part of the large intestine. The rectum is the last part of the large intestine. </div></div>What is colorectal cancer? Cancer of the colon or rectum is also called colorectal cancer. Like other types of cancer, colorectal cancer can spread to other parts of your body.To learn more about colorectal cancer, visit these Web sites:<ul ><li><a href="http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/wyntk/colon-and-rectal" >What You Need to Know About Cancer of the Colon and Rectum</a></li><li><a href="http://nihseniorhealth.gov/colorectalcancer/toc.html" >Colorectal Cancer</a></li></ul>Am I at risk for colorectal cancer? People over the age of 50 are at the highest risk of developing colorectal cancer. Other risk factors are:<ul ><li>Polyps (growths) inside the colon</li><li>Family history of colorectal cancer</li><li>Smoking</li><li>Obesity</li><li>Lack of physical activity</li><li><a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics//HealthTopics/Category/health-conditions-and-diseases/heart-health/drink-alcohol-only-in-moderation">Drinking too much alcohol</a></li><li>Health conditions, such as Crohn’s Disease, which causes chronic (ongoing) inflammation (swelling) of the intestines</li></ul><a href="http://www.cancer.gov/colorectalcancerrisk/Default.aspx" >Use this calculator to find out your risk of colorectal cancer</a>.Take control – act early. If you act early, you have a good chance of preventing colorectal cancer or finding it when it can be treated more easily.<ul ><li>If your doctor finds polyps inside your colon during testing, these growths can be removed before they become cancer.</li><li>If you find out you have cancer when you are tested, you can take steps to treat it right away.</li></ul>

Take Action! Talk to other people who have been tested to learn what to expect. The best way to prevent colorectal cancer is to get tested starting at age 50.Talk with your doctor about getting screened. <a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTool.aspx?toolId=41">Print these questions for your doctor about colorectal cancer screening</a>. Take them to your next checkup.What about cost? Screening for colorectal cancer is covered under the <a href="http://www.healthcare.gov/law/features/rights/preventive-care/index.html" >Affordable Care Act</a>, the health care reform law passed in 2010. Depending on your insurance plan, you may be able to get screened at no cost to you.<ul ><li>If you have Medicare, <a href="http://www.medicare.gov/coverage/colorectal-cancer-screenings.html" >find out about Medicare coverage for different colorectal cancer tests</a>.</li><li>If you have private insurance, check with your insurance provider to find out what’s included in your plan. Ask about the Affordable Care Act.</li><li>If you don’t have insurance, you can still get important screening tests. To learn more, <a href="http://findahealthcenter.hrsa.gov/Search_HCC.aspx" >find a health center near you</a>.</li></ul><a href="http://www.healthcare.gov/news/factsheets/2010/07/preventive-services-list.html" >For information about other services covered by the Affordable Care Act, visit HealthCare.gov</a>.Get support. If you are going to the doctor for a colorectal cancer test, get support. <ul > <li>Ask a family member or friend to go with you. </li> <li>Talk with other people who have been screened to learn what to expect. </li> <li><a href="http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/colorectal/basic_info/stories.htm" >Read real people’s stories about colorectal cancer screening</a>. </ul> Give support. Do you know someone age 50 or older who hasn’t been tested for colorectal cancer yet? <a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTool.aspx?toolId=36">Use these tips to start a conversation about the importance of screening</a>.<a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTopic.aspx?topicId=22">Get active</a>. Exercise may help reduce your risk of colorectal cancer. <a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTopic.aspx?topicId=21">Eat healthy</a>. A low-fat diet full of foods with calcium and fiber may help prevent colorectal cancer. Calcium is in foods like fat-free or low-fat yogurt, cheese, and spinach. Fiber is in foods like beans, barley, and nuts. <ul > <li><a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTool.aspx?toolId=47">Use this calcium shopping list to find good sources of calcium</a>.</li> <li><a href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/002470.htm#Food%20Sources">Find out which foods are good sources of fiber</a>.</li> </ul>

Start Today: Small Steps <ul><li>Add extra vegetables and fruits to this week’s grocery list.</li><li>Make an appointment to have your colon checked.</li><li><a href="http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/colorectal/basic_info/stories.htm" >Read real people’s stories about getting tested for colorectal cancer</a>.</li></ul>

The Basics Screenings are medical tests that check for diseases. Screenings are medical tests that check for diseases. Screenings can help doctors find diseases early, when the diseases may be easier to treat. Getting screening tests is one of the most important things you can do for your health. You may need to be screened for: <ul > <li>Some types of cancer</li> <li>High blood pressure and cholesterol</li> <li>Diabetes</li> <li>Osteoporosis (weak bones)</li> <li>Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)</li> <li>Hearing and vision loss</li> </ul> How do I know which screening tests to get? Different screening tests are needed at different ages. Check the screening guidelines below for your age and sex.For women:<ul ><li><a href="http://www.ahrq.gov/patients-consumers/prevention/lifestyle/healthy-women.pdf " >Stay Healthy at Any Age [PDF - 422 KB]</a></li><li><a href="http://www.ahrq.gov/legacy/ppip/women50.pdf" >Stay Healthy at 50+ [PDF - 445 KB]</a></li></ul>For men:<ul ><li><a href="http://www.ahrq.gov/patients-consumers/patient-involvement/healthy-men/healthy-men.pdf" >Stay Healthy at Any Age [PDF - 409 KB]</a></li><li><a href="http://www.ahrq.gov/legacy/ppip/men50.pdf" >Stay Healthy at 50+ [PDF - 444 KB]</a></li></ul>Talk with a doctor or nurse about which screenings are right for you.

Take Action! Call a doctor to schedule a checkup. Ask about screening tests. You and your doctor can decide together which screening tests are right for you.Find out about screening tests you may need. <a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics//myHealthfinder/">Enter your age, sex, and pregnancy status into the myhealthfinder tool</a> to get a list of recommendations. Print out the list and take it with you to your next doctor’s appointment.Gather your family’s medical history. Find out which diseases run in your family. <a href="https://familyhistory.hhs.gov/fhh-web/home.action" >Use this family health history tool</a> to keep track of what you learn. Share it with your doctor.Make a list of questions to ask your doctor. Going to the doctor can be stressful. It can help to write down your questions about screening tests before you go.Check out these questions for the doctor about screenings for:<ul><li><a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTool.aspx?toolId=28">HIV</a></li><li><a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTool.aspx?toolId=41">Colorectal cancer</a></li><li><a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTool.aspx?toolId=31">Breast cancer</a></li><li><a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTool.aspx?toolId=30">Prostate cancer</a></li></ul>You can also <a href="http://www.ahrq.gov/legacy/questions/qb/" >use this tool to build your own list of questions for the doctor</a>.Talk with your doctor about getting screened. Your doctor or nurse can help you decide which screenings are right for you. Some are needed once a year, and others are needed more or less often.Tell your doctor or nurse about the diseases that run in your family, and ask questions about your health. This will help you decide together which screening tests you may need.If you don’t have a doctor or nurse, <a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTool.aspx?toolId=63">check out these tips on choosing a doctor you can trust</a>.Make sure to get the results from every screening. You may need to call to get your test results if the doctor doesn’t call you. Ask your doctor or nurse to explain the results to you.What about cost? Most insurance plans, including Medicaid and Medicare, will pay for screening tests recommended by your doctor or nurse. Also, many screening tests are covered under the <a href="http://www.healthcare.gov/law/features/rights/preventive-care/index.html" >Affordable Care Act</a>, the health care reform law passed in 2010.Depending on your insurance plan, you may be able to get screening tests at no cost to you. Check with your insurance provider to find out what’s included in your plan.<ul ><li><a href="http://www.healthcare.gov/news/factsheets/2010/07/preventive-services-list.html" >Find out which services are covered by the Affordable Care Act</a>.</li><li><a href="http://www.medicare.gov/coverage/preventive-and-screening-services.html?AspxAutoDetectCookieSupport=1" >Find out which screenings are covered by Medicare</a>.</li><li><a href="http://www.healthcare.gov/using-insurance/low-cost-care/medicaid/#cover" >Find out which services are covered under Medicaid</a>.</li></ul>You can still get important screening tests even if you don't have insurance. <a href="http://findahealthcenter.hrsa.gov/Search_HCC.aspx" >Find a health center near you to learn more</a>.

Start Today: Small Steps <ul><li><a href="http://www.ahrq.gov/patients-consumers/diagnosis-treatment/diagnosis/tiptests/tiptests.pdf">Get tips on making decisions about medical tests [PDF - 16 KB]</a>.</li><li><a href="http://www.yourdiseaserisk.siteman.wustl.edu/">Check your risk for 5 common diseases and get prevention tips</a>. </li><li>Make an appointment with a doctor to talk about screenings.</li></ul>

The Basics Most people who have a sexually transmitted disease (STD) don’t have any symptoms. The only way to know if you have an STD is to get tested. Chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis are STDs (sexually transmitted diseases) that can be passed on during vaginal, anal, or oral sex. STDs can also be passed from a pregnant woman to her baby before or during the baby’s birth.Most people who have an STD don’t have any symptoms. Getting tested is the only way to know for sure if you have an STD.STDs are also sometimes called STIs (sexually transmitted infections).Can these STDs be cured? Yes. These STDs can be easily cured with medicine if they are treated early. If these STDs aren’t treated, they can cause serious health problems, like making it impossible to have a baby.If you have an STD, it’s important to get treatment right away. Anyone you have sex with may also need treatment or you could get infected again.Who needs to get tested for chlamydia (“kluh-MID-ee-uh”)?For women:<ul ><li>If you are under age 25 and having sex, get tested once every year.</li><li>If you are age 25 or older, get tested if you have new or multiple sex partners.</li></ul>For men:<ul ><li>Talk with a doctor if you are worried about chlamydia or other STDs.</li><li>Tell a doctor if you have any of these <a href="http://www.cdc.gov/std/chlamydia/STDFact-Chlamydia.htm#a4" >symptoms of chlamydia</a>.</li></ul>What are the signs of chlamydia? Most people who have chlamydia don’t have any signs or symptoms.<ul ><li>Women may have abnormal discharge (fluid) from the vagina, burning when they urinate (pee), or pain during sex.</li><li>Men may have discharge from the penis or burning when they urinate.</li></ul>How is the test done? A doctor or nurse can test your urine for chlamydia. Sometimes a sample is taken from the vagina or penis to test. The test is easy and painless.Learn more about chlamydia:<ul><li><a href="http://www.cdc.gov/std/Chlamydia/the-facts/Chlamydia_2011_508.pdf" >Chlamydia Fact Sheet [PDF - 4 MB]</a></li><li><a href="http://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/chlamydia.cfm" >Women and Chlamydia</a></li></ul>Who needs to get tested for gonorrhea (“gah-nuh-REE-uh”)?For women:<ul ><li>If you are under age 25 and having sex, get tested for gonorrhea.</li><li>If you are age 25 or older, get tested if you:<ul><li>Have new or multiple sex partners</li><li>Don’t use a condom every time you have sex</li><li>Use drugs</li><li>Have ever had an STD</li></ul>For men:<ul ><li>Talk to your doctor if you are worried about gonorrhea or other STDs.</li><li>Tell your doctor if you have any of these <a href="http://www.cdc.gov/std/Gonorrhea/STDFact-gonorrhea.htm#symptoms" >signs and symptoms of gonorrhea</a>.</li></ul>What are the signs of gonorrhea? Most people who have gonorrhea don’t have any signs or symptoms.<ul ><li>Women may have abnormal discharge (fluid) from the vagina, burning when they urinate (pee), or pain during sex.</li><li>Men may have discharge from the penis or burning when they urinate.</li></ul>How is the test done? A doctor or nurse can test your urine for gonorrhea. Sometimes a sample is taken from the vagina or penis to test. The test is easy and painless.Learn more about gonorrhea:<ul><li><a href="http://www.cdc.gov/std/gonorrhea/the-facts/gonorrhea-the-facts-2012.pdf" >Gonorrhea Fact Sheet [PDF - 19 KB] </a></li><li><a href="http://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/gonorrhea.cfm" >Women and Gonorrhea</a></li></ul></li></ul>Who needs to get tested for syphilis (“SIF-uh-lis”)?<ul ><li>All pregnant women</li><li>Men who have sex with men if they (or their partner) have sex with anyone else</li></ul>What are the signs of syphilis? Many people who have syphilis don’t have any signs or symptoms. Some people have symptoms during the early stages (or phases) of infection.<ul ><li>In the first stage, a painless sore appears on the genitals, lips, tongue, or butt.</li><li>The second stage may include a rash on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet, sores on the throat or mouth, fever, or spotty hair loss.</li></ul>How is the test done? The doctor or nurse may test your blood for syphilis. Sometimes fluid is taken from a sore to see if it’s caused by syphilis.Learn more about syphilis:<ul><li><a href="http://www.cdc.gov/std/Syphilis/STDFact-Syphilis.htm" >Syphilis Fact Sheet</a></li><li><a href="http://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/syphilis.cfm" >Women and Syphilis</a></li><li><a href="http://www.cdc.gov/std/Syphilis/STDFact-MSM-Syphilis.htm" >Syphilis and MSM (Men Who Have Sex With Men)</a></li></ul>

Take Action! If you think you may be at risk, make an appointment to get tested. Get checked regularly for STDs, especially if you are under age 25. Talk with your partner about getting tested, too.Make an appointment at a health center or clinic. If you think you may be at risk, talk with your doctor about STDs. To find an STD clinic near you:<ul ><li><a href="http://hivtest.cdc.gov/STDTesting.aspx" >Enter your ZIP code to find a local testing site</a>.</li><li>Call 1-800-CDC-INFO (1-800-232-4636).</li></ul><a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTool.aspx?toolId=28">Be sure to ask about getting tested for HIV</a>.What about cost? Some STD testing and prevention counseling is covered under the <a href="http://www.healthcare.gov/law/features/rights/preventive-care/index.html" >Affordable Care Act</a>, the health care reform law passed in 2010. Depending on your insurance plan, you may be able to get these services at no cost to you.Talk to your insurance company to find out what this means for you. <a href="http://www.healthcare.gov/news/factsheets/2010/07/preventive-services-list.html" >For information about other services covered by the Affordable Care Act, visit HealthCare.gov</a>.Stay safe. The best way to protect yourself from STDs is to not have sex or to wait until you are in a relationship with only one person and you’ve both been tested. If either of you has an STD, get it treated before having sex.Here are some other ways to protect yourself from STDs:<ul ><li><a href="http://www.ashastd.org/std-sti-works/condoms.html" >Use a latex condom every time you have vaginal, anal, or oral sex</a>. </li><li>Make sure you and your partner have been tested for STDs.</li></ul><a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTool.aspx?toolId=17">Get tips on talking with your partner about STD testing</a>.

Start Today: Small Steps <ul><li><a href="http://womenshealth.gov/hiv-aids/preventing-hiv-infection/practice-safer-sex.html">Practice safer sex to prevent HIV</a>.</li><li>Call 1-800-CDC-INFO (1-800-232-4636) to find an STD clinic near you.</li><li><a href="http://www.cdc.gov/std/pregnancy/the-facts/stds-and-pregnancy-the-facts-2007.pdf" >Get the facts on STDs and pregnancy [PDF - 495 KB]</a>.</li></ul>

The Basics Depression is a medical illness that can be treated. If you think you might be depressed, talk with a doctor about how you are feeling. Depression is a serious illness.If you are diagnosed with depression, you aren’t alone. Depression is a common illness that affects millions of adults in the U.S. every year.The good news is that depression can be treated. Getting help is the best thing you can do for yourself and your loved ones. You can feel better.<a href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/tutorials/depression/htm/index.htm" >Watch this short presentation to learn more about depression</a>.What are the signs of depression? It’s normal to feel sad sometimes, but if you feel sad or “down” for more than 2 weeks at a time, you may be depressed.Some signs of depression are:<ul ><li>Feeling hopeless or empty</li><li>Forgetting things or having trouble making decisions</li><li>Sleeping too much or too little</li><li>Gaining or losing weight</li><li>Thinking about suicide or death</li><li>Losing interest in activities you used to enjoy</li></ul>How is depression treated? Depression can be treated with talking therapy, medicine (called antidepressants), or both. Your doctor may refer you to a counselor or therapist. Getting active and eating healthy can also help with depression.Check out these resources to learn more about depression:<ul ><li><a href="http://nihseniorhealth.gov/depression/aboutdepression/01.html" >Information for older adults</a></li><li><a href="http://www.womenshealth.gov/mental-health/illnesses/depression.cfm" >Information for women</a></li><li><a href="http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/depression-easy-to-read/introduction.shtml" >General information and resources</a></li></ul>

Take Action! If you think you might be depressed, see a doctor who can test you for depression. Depression is a real illness. If you think you might be depressed, see your doctor.Talk to a doctor about how you are feeling. Get a medical checkup. Ask to see a doctor or nurse who can test you for depression.The doctor or nurse may also test you for other health conditions (like thyroid disease) that can cause depression or make it worse. If you have one of these health conditions, it’s important to get treatment right away.What about the cost? Screening for depression is covered under the <a href="http://www.healthcare.gov/law/features/rights/preventive-care/index.html" >Affordable Care Act</a>, the health care reform law passed in 2010.Depending on your insurance plan, you may be able to get screened at no cost to you. Talk to your insurance company, and ask about the Affordable Care Act.Even if you don’t have insurance, there are free and low-cost mental health services. <a href="http://findtreatment.samhsa.gov/MHTreatmentLocator/faces/quickSearch.jspx" >Find mental health services near you</a>.Get support. Here are some places you can go to for help:<ul ><li>Doctor’s office or health clinic</li><li>Family service or social service agency</li><li>Church or clergy person</li><li>Psychologist (“sy-KAH-lah-jist”)</li><li>Counselor or social worker</li><li>Psychotherapist (“sy-koh-THAYR-uh-pist”)</li></ul>Check out this guide to <a href="http://www.dbsalliance.org/pdfs/finding.pdf" >Finding a Mental Health Professional [PDF - 442 KB]</a>.If someone you care about is depressed, get help. If you think a friend or family member may be depressed, check out these tips on <a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTool.aspx?toolId=15">how to talk to a loved one about depression</a>.Get help right away if you or someone you know is thinking about suicide.<ul ><li>To get help for you or someone you know, visit the <a href="http://www.suicidepreventionlifeline.org/" >National Suicide Prevention Lifeline</a>  or call 1-800-273-TALK (1-800-273-8255).</li><li>If someone is in immediate danger, call 911.</li></ul><a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTopic.aspx?topicId=22">Get active</a>. Exercise can lower your stress level as you begin treatment for depression. It can also help keep you from getting depressed again. <a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTopic.aspx?topicId=21">Eat healthy</a>. A healthy diet can help with depression. Eating healthy will give you energy and lower your stress level as you begin treatment for depression.

Start Today: Small Steps <ul><li><a href="http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/depression/men-and-depression/real-stories-of-depression/index.shtml">Watch videos of real men talking about getting help for depression</a>.</li><li>Talk to a friend or family member about how you are feeling.</li><li><a href="http://www.mayoclinic.com/print/depression/MH00016/METHOD=print" >Get tips for supporting a loved one with depression</a>. </li></ul>

The Basics If you are over age 65, get your hearing checked. Many people lose their hearing slowly as they get older. If you are over age 65, get your hearing checked. Many people lose their hearing slowly as they age. <ul > <li>1 in 3 Americans between ages 65 and 74 has a hearing problem.</li> <li>1 in 2 Americans over age 75 has a hearing problem.</li> </ul> If you have hearing loss, you aren’t alone. Start by asking your doctor for a hearing test. Your doctor may refer you to a hearing specialist.Hearing problems are serious. Hearing loss can be frustrating and even dangerous. If you have hearing loss, you may: <ul > <li>Have trouble hearing doorbells or alarms</li> <li>Miss important directions or warnings</li> <li>Feel lonely or depressed</li> </ul> Hearing problems can get worse if they aren’t treated. That’s why it’s important to get your hearing checked. If you find out you have a hearing problem, you can take steps to deal with it before it gets worse.How do I know if I have hearing loss?<ul ><li>Do you often ask people to repeat themselves?</li><li>Do you hear ringing in your ears?</li><li>Do people say your TV is too loud?</li><li>Do you have trouble hearing over the telephone?</li><li>Do you have trouble hearing when there’s noise in the background?</li></ul>If you answered yes to some of these questions, you may have hearing loss. Take this quiz to <a href="http://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/hearing/10ways.asp" >find out if you might have a hearing problem</a>.Learn more about hearing loss:<ul ><li><a href="http://nihseniorhealth.gov/hearingloss/toc.html" >Information for older adults</a></li><li><a href="http://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/hearing/pages/tinnitus.aspx" >Facts about tinnitus (ringing in the ear)</a></li></ul>How is hearing loss treated? There are many products that can help with hearing loss:<ul ><li>Hearing aids you wear in or behind your ear</li><li>Special phones that make sounds louder</li><li>TVs that also show text (called closed captioning)</li><li>Flashing lights to let you know when an alarm or doorbell is ringing</li></ul>If you think you have hearing loss, start by seeing a doctor. Find out which treatment options are right for you.

Take Action! Let others know if you are having trouble hearing them. Try finding a quiet place to talk. To find out if you have hearing loss, ask your doctor for a hearing test. Schedule a hearing test. If you are over age 65, get tested for hearing loss. Call your doctor or health center and make an appointment for a hearing test. What about cost? Private health insurance or Medicare may cover the cost of a hearing test. Check with your insurance provider to find out if you are covered. You can still get important screening tests even if you don’t have insurance. To learn more, <a href="http://findahealthcenter.hrsa.gov/Search_HCC.aspx" >find a health center near you</a>.Talk to your friends and family. Your friends and family need to know that you have trouble hearing. Your loved ones can make small changes to help you hear better when they talk. Ask them to:<ul ><li>Find a quiet place to talk where there isn’t a lot of background noise</li><li>Face you and talk clearly</li><li>Speak slowly</li><li>Keep their hands away from their mouths while they talk</li><li>Avoid eating or chewing gum while talking with you</li><li>Repeat what they said if you didn’t hear it the first time </li><li>Write down important information </li></ul>Protect your ears from loud noises. Wear earplugs or special earmuffs if you need to be around loud noises, like construction or concerts. This can help prevent damage to your hearing.

Start Today: Small Steps <ul><li>Talk to a friend or family member about what they can do to help.</li><li><a href="http://www.eldercare.gov/Eldercare.NET/Public/Index.aspx" >Find services for older adults near you</a>.</li><li>Protect your hearing by staying away from loud noises.</li></ul>

The Basics Your vision changes as you get older. Regular eye exams can help your doctor find eye problems early when they may be easier to treat. If you are age 65 or older, have your eyes checked every 1 to 2 years. People with diabetes need to have their eyes checked more often.Regular eye exams help your doctor find eye problems early, when they can be easily treated. These 2 types of doctors can perform eye exams:<ul><li>Optometrist</li><li>Ophthalmologist</li></ul>What happens during an eye exam?<ul ><li>The doctor will put drops in your eyes to enlarge (or dilate) your pupils. A dilated eye exam is the only way to find some types of eye disease.</li><li>You will read charts with letters and numbers to check your vision.</li><li>The doctor will do tests to look for problems with your eyes, including glaucoma. <a href="http://www.preventblindness.org/how-do-eye-doctors-check-glaucoma" >Learn more about the test for glaucoma</a>. </li></ul>What will the doctor look for during an exam? Your vision changes as you get older. Some changes are more serious than others. Over time, eye diseases like glaucoma can lead to vision loss and blindness.The doctor will look for eye problems that are common in older adults, including:<ul><li><a href="http://www.nei.nih.gov/health/cataract/cataract_facts.asp" >Cataracts</a></li><li><a href="http://www.nei.nih.gov/glaucoma/" >Glaucoma</a></li><li><a href="http://www.nei.nih.gov/health/maculardegen/armd_facts.asp" >Age-Related Macular Degeneration</a> (or AMD)</li><li><a href="http://www.nei.nih.gov/diabetes/" >Diabetic Eye Disease</a> (also called Diabetic Retinopathy)</li><li><a href="http://www.nei.nih.gov/lowvision/" >Low Vision</a></li></ul><a href="http://www.nei.nih.gov/health/eyediagram/index.asp" >Learn about the different parts of your eye</a>.Am I at risk for eye disease? You may be at high risk for eye disease if you:<ul ><li>Are age 65 or older</li><li>Are African-American and over age 40</li><li>Have diabetes</li><li>Have a family member with diabetes or eye disease</li></ul>See an eye doctor right away if your vision or eyes suddenly change.

Take Action! Find out about the signs and symptoms of eye problems. Protect your vision. Get regular eye exams so you can find problems early, when they may be easier to treat.Schedule an eye exam. Ask your doctor or health center for the name of an eye care professional. <a href="http://www.nei.nih.gov/health/findprofessional.asp" >Read these tips for finding an eye doctor</a>.When you go for your exam, be sure to:<ul ><li>Ask the doctor for a dilated eye exam.</li><li>Tell the doctor if anyone in your family has eye problems or diabetes.</li></ul>For more help, <a href="http://www.preventblindness.org/checklist-your-eye-doctor-appointment" >go through this checklist for your eye doctor appointment</a>. What about cost? Check with your insurance plan about costs and co-payments. If you have Medicare, it will pay for your eye exam if you have diabetes or if you are at risk for glaucoma.If you don’t have insurance, there may be <a href="http://www.nei.nih.gov/health/financialaid.asp" >free or low-cost eye care programs</a> where you live.Watch for problems. See an eye doctor right away if you have any of these problems:<ul><li>Sudden loss of vision</li><li>Flashes of light</li><li>Tiny spots that float across your eye</li><li>Eye pain</li><li>Redness or swelling</li></ul><a href="http://www.preventblindness.org/signs-eye-problems-adults" >Check out the signs and symptoms of eye problems</a>. Get regular physical exams. Get regular exams to help you stay healthy. Ask your doctor or nurse how you can <a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTopic.aspx?topicId=73">prevent type 2 diabetes</a> and <a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTopic.aspx?topicId=11">high blood pressure</a>. These diseases can cause eye problems if they aren’t treated. <a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTopic.aspx?topic=lowering+your+risk+of+falling">Lower your risk of falling</a>. Poor vision or the wrong glasses can increase your risk of falling. Falling can cause serious injuries and health problems, especially for people over age 64.

Start Today: Small Steps <ul><li>Tell your doctor if other family members have had vision problems or diabetes.</li><li><a href="http://www.preventblindness.org/signs-eye-problems-adults" >Know the signs of eye problems</a>. </li><li>Pick up books and shoes on your stairs to lower your risk of falling.</li></ul>

The Basics The only way to know if you have HIV is to get tested. Everyone ages 15 to 65 needs to get tested for HIV at least once. All pregnant women also need to get tested.The only way to know if you have HIV is to get tested. You could have HIV and still feel healthy.How often you get tested depends on your risk for HIV infection.Get tested for HIV at least once a year if you:<ul ><li>Have unprotected sex (sex without a condom) with someone who may have HIV</li><li>Have sex with men who have sex with men</li><li>Use drugs with needles</li><li>Have a sex partner who is HIV-positive (has HIV)</li><li>Have had a sexually transmitted disease (STD)</li></ul>Get tested every 3 to 6 months if you:<ul ><li>Are a man who has sex with men</li><li>Have sex with more than one partner</li><li>Have sex with people you don’t know</li><li>Have sex for drugs or money</li></ul>Talk to your doctor or nurse about your risk for HIV. Ask how often you need to get tested.Why do I need to get tested for HIV? Many people with HIV don’t have any symptoms. Even if you don’t feel sick, getting early treatment for HIV is important. The only way to know if you have HIV is to get tested.<ul ><li>If you are HIV-negative (you don’t have HIV), you can take steps to make sure you stay HIV-free.</li><li>If you are HIV-positive (you have HIV), you can take steps to have a healthier future. You can also take steps to protect other people.</li></ul>Live longer with HIV. If you have HIV, early treatment can help you live a longer, healthier life. The sooner you get care for HIV, the better.<ul ><li><a href="http://aids.gov/hiv-aids-basics/just-diagnosed-with-hiv-aids/treatment-options/overview-of-hiv-treatments/" >Find out about treatment options for HIV</a>.</li><li><a href="http://aids.gov/hiv-aids-basics/staying-healthy-with-hiv-aids/taking-care-of-yourself/doctor-clinic-and-dental-visits/" >Get information about staying healthy with HIV</a>.</li><li><a href="http://locator.aids.gov/" >Use this tool to find services for people with HIV or AIDS, like housing assistance, health centers, and counseling</a>.</li></ul>Protect yourself and others. If you are HIV-positive, you can <a href="http://aids.gov/hiv-aids-basics/staying-healthy-with-hiv-aids/taking-care-of-yourself/sexual-health/index.html#preventing-hiv" >take steps to protect your partner</a> from the virus. If you are pregnant or thinking about getting pregnant, you can get treatment to <a href="http://womenshealth.gov/hiv-aids/preventing-hiv-infection/protecting-your-children-from-hiv.cfm#a" >prevent passing HIV to your baby</a>.How can I get tested for HIV? There are different types of HIV tests. The most common are:<ul ><li>Lab tests – It can take from a few days to 2 weeks to get the results.</li><li>Rapid tests – Results are ready in 10 to 20 minutes.</li></ul>When you get tested, the nurse will take a sample of your blood or collect fluid from your mouth with a swab. If you test positive, the doctor or nurse will give you another test to be sure.<a href="http://aids.gov/hiv-aids-basics/prevention/hiv-testing/hiv-test-types/" >Find out more about the different types of HIV tests</a>.What’s the difference between confidential and anonymous testing? When you get tested at a doctor’s office or clinic, your test results are confidential. This means they can only be shared with people allowed to see your medical records.If you are worried about giving your name, you can get an anonymous HIV test at some clinics. This means that you don’t have to give your name.What is HIV? HIV stands for human immunodeficiency virus. This is the virus that causes AIDS. There is no cure yet for HIV/AIDS, but there are treatments that can help people live longer, healthier lives.How do people get HIV? HIV is spread through some of the body’s fluids, like blood, semen (cum), vaginal fluids, and breast milk. HIV is passed from one person to another by:<ul ><li>Having unprotected sex (vaginal, anal, or oral) with a person who has HIV</li><li>Sharing needles with someone who has HIV</li><li>Breastfeeding, pregnancy, or childbirth if the mother has HIV</li><li>Getting a blood transfusion that has HIV (very rare in the U.S.)</li></ul>Learn more about HIV/AIDS:<ul><li><a href="http://aids.gov/hiv-aids-basics/hiv-aids-101/what-is-hiv-aids/" >What is HIV/AIDS?</a></li><li><a href="http://www.womenshealth.gov/hiv-aids/" >Women and HIV/AIDS</a></li></ul>

Take Action! Talk with your partner about getting tested together before you have sex. Take these steps to protect yourself and others from HIV.Find a place to get tested. Ask your doctor or nurse for an HIV test. Or visit an HIV testing center or health clinic. You also can get tested at a hospital or health department.To find an HIV testing center near you:<ul ><li><a href="http://hivtest.cdc.gov/Default.aspx" >Enter your ZIP code to find local testing sites</a>.</li><li>Call 1-800-CDC-INFO (1-800-232-4636).</li></ul>If you want to know more about HIV testing and prevention, <a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTool.aspx?toolId=28">take this list of questions to your appointment</a>.What about cost? Free HIV testing is available at some testing centers and health clinics.Screening for HIV is also covered under the <a href="http://www.healthcare.gov/law/features/rights/preventive-care/index.html" >Affordable Care Act</a>, the health care reform law passed in 2010. HIV counseling is covered for women who are sexually active. Talk to your insurance company to find out what this means for you.<a href="http://www.healthcare.gov/news/factsheets/2010/07/preventive-services-list.html" >For information about other services covered by the Affordable Care Act, visit HealthCare.gov</a>.Protect yourself from HIV. The best way to protect yourself from HIV is to not have sex until you are in a relationship with only one person and you have both tested negative. Here are other steps you can take to help prevent HIV: <ul > <li>Use a latex condom with water-based lubricant every time you have vaginal or anal sex. </li> <li>When you have oral sex, use a condom or dental dam (rectangular sheet of latex placed over the vagina).</li> <li>Limit your number of sexual partners. </li> <li>Don’t inject drugs or share needles.</li> <li>If you have more than one sexual partner, get tested for HIV regularly.</li> </ul> <a href="http://www.hiv.va.gov/patient/sex/condom-tips.asp">Get tips on using condoms and dental dams</a>.Talk with your partner about getting tested. It’s important to make time to talk before having sex. Ask your partner to get tested for HIV and other STDs. Offer to get tested together.These ideas can help you start the conversation:<ul ><li><a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTool.aspx?toolId=17">STD Testing: Conversation starters</a></li><li><a href="http://kidshealth.org/teen/sexual_health/stds/the_talk.html" >Tips for teens: Talking to your partner about STDs</a> </li></ul>Get counseling about HIV prevention. If you want more information about preventing HIV, ask your local testing center if they offer prevention counseling. You may want counseling if:<ul ><li>You are worried about getting HIV</li><li>You have HIV and are worried about giving it to someone else</li></ul>

Start Today: Small Steps <ul><li><a href="http://www.hiv.va.gov/patient/sex/condom-tips.asp">Check out these condom do’s and don’ts</a>.</li><li>Make an appointment to get tested for HIV.</li><li><a href="http://www.womenshealth.gov/hiv-aids/share-your-story/" >Read personal stories from women affected by HIV/AIDS</a>.</li></ul>

The Basics If you are a man age 65 to 75 and have ever smoked, ask your doctor about your risk for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). If you are a man age 65 to 75 and have ever smoked, talk with your doctor about abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA).Your doctor may order an ultrasound test to check for AAA. An ultrasound uses sound waves to look inside the body. Most types of ultrasounds are painless.Aneurysms (“AN-yoor-izms”) usually grow slowly without any symptoms. That’s why it’s so important to talk to your doctor about your risk.If aneurysms grow large enough to burst (break open), they can cause dangerous bleeding inside the body and death. If AAA is found early, it can be treated to stop it from bursting.What is AAA? The aorta (“ay-OAR-tah”) is your body’s main artery. An artery is a tube that carries blood away from your heart. The aorta carries blood from your heart to your pelvis, abdomen (stomach), and legs.If the wall of an artery is weak, the artery can swell like a balloon. This balloon-like swelling is called an aneurysm.AAA occurs in the part of the aorta running through the abdomen.<img alt="Illustration: Abdominal aortic aneurysm" src="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/glmedia/abdominal_aortic_aneurysm_adam.jpg" /> Learn more about AAA:<ul><li><a href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/tutorials/abdominalaorticaneurysm/htm/index.htm" >Short presentation on AAA</a></li><li><a href="http://familydoctor.org/familydoctor/en/diseases-conditions/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm.printerview.all.html" >What is AAA?</a> </li></ul>Am I at risk for AAA? The risk of AAA increases as you get older, and it’s more likely to happen in people between the ages of 60 and 80. Men are much more likely than women to have an AAA. You are 8 times more likely to develop an aneurysm if you smoke.Other risk factors for AAA include:<ul ><li><a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTopic.aspx?topicId=11">High blood pressure</a></li><li><a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTopic.aspx?topicId=14">High cholesterol</a></li><li><a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTopic.aspx?topicId=25">Being overweight or obese</a></li><li>Emphysema (“em-fa-ZEE-ma”) – a type of lung disease that makes it hard to breathe</li><li>Family history of aortic aneurysm or <a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTopic.aspx?topicId=84">heart disease</a></li></ul>How do I know if I have AAA? There are usually no symptoms of AAA. Blood vessels can swell up slowly over time. That’s why it’s important to talk with your doctor about AAA to see if you are at risk.If you have an aneurysm that starts to tear and cause bleeding, this is a medical emergency. You may suddenly have:<ul ><li>Pain in your back, stomach, or legs</li><li>Nausea and vomiting</li><li>Clammy (sticky) skin</li></ul>You will need surgery right away.

Take Action! Quit smoking. Smoking puts you at higher risk for AAA. Take these steps to lower your risk for AAA.Talk with your doctor about your risk for AAA. Here are some questions you might want to ask your doctor or nurse:<ul ><li>Do I need to get screened for AAA?</li><li>How can I get help to quit smoking?</li><li>What are my blood pressure numbers and cholesterol levels?</li><li>Do I need to lose weight to reduce my risk for AAA?</li></ul>What about cost? Screening for AAA is covered under the <a href="http://www.healthcare.gov/law/features/rights/preventive-care/index.html" >Affordable Care Act</a>, the health care reform law passed in 2010. Depending on your insurance plan, you may be able to get screened at no cost to you.<ul ><li>If you have Medicare, <a href="http://www.medicare.gov/coverage/ab-aortic-aneurysm-screening.html" > find out about Medicare coverage for AAA screening</a>.</li><li>If you have private insurance, talk to your insurance provider about what’s included in your plan. Ask about the Affordable Care Act.</li></ul><a href="http://www.healthcare.gov/news/factsheets/2010/07/preventive-services-list.html" >For information about other services covered by the Affordable Care Act, visit HealthCare.gov</a>.Make changes to lower your risk for AAA. It’s never too late to take steps to lower your risk for AAA.<a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTopic.aspx?topicId=24">Quit smoking</a>. Quitting smoking is the most important thing you can do to lower your risk of AAA. If you smoke, now is the time to quit. Call 1-800-QUIT-NOW (1-800-784-8669) for free support and to set up your quit plan.<a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTopic.aspx?topicId=11">Get your blood pressure checked</a>. If your blood pressure is high, you can take steps to lower it. Getting active, watching your weight, and eating less sodium (salt) can help you control your blood pressure. <ul ><li><a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTool.aspx?toolId=58">Use this list to help you shop for low sodium foods</a>.</li><li><a href="http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/public/heart/hbp/hbp_low/hbp_low.pdf" >Get more tips on how to lower your blood pressure [PDF - 268 KB]</a>.</li></ul><a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTopic.aspx?topicId=22">Get active</a>. Aim for 2 hours and 30 minutes of activity every week.<a href="http://healthfinder.gov/HealthTopics/ViewTopic.aspx?topicId=14">Get your cholesterol checked</a>. If you have high cholesterol, start by adopting a heart healthy eating plan. This means eating foods low in saturated fat, trans fat, and cholesterol.<a href="http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/public/heart/chol/chol_tlc.pdf" >Get more tips to help you lower your cholesterol [PDF - 2 MB]</a>.

Start Today: Small Steps <ul><li>Make an appointment to talk to a doctor about your risk of AAA.</li><li><a href="http://www.health.gov/dietaryguidelines/dga2005/healthieryou/html/recipes.html" target=blank >Use one of these recipes to cook a low-fat, healthy dinner tonight</a>.</li><li>Get 30 minutes of exercise today by taking a walk or trying an exercise class.</li></ul>

The Basics Get your child’s vision checked by age 6, even if there aren’t any signs of eye problems. It’s important for children to have their vision checked at least once by age 6, even if there aren’t any signs of eye problems.Healthy eyes and vision are very important to a child’s development. Finding and treating eye problems early on can save a child’s sight. Two common eye problems in children are:<ul><li><a href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001014.htm" >Lazy eye (amblyopia)</a></li><li><a href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001004.htm" >Crossed eyes (strabismus)</a></li></ul>Both of these eye problems can be treated if they are found early.Eye exams are part of regular checkups. The doctor will check your child’s eyes during each checkup, beginning with your child’s first well-baby visit. Around age 3 or 4, your child will have a more complete eye exam to make sure her vision is developing normally. If there are any problems, the doctor may send your child to a special eye doctor. Is my child at risk for eye disease? If your family has a history of childhood vision problems, your child may be more likely to have eye problems. Talk to the doctor about eye problems in your family.

Take Action! Make a list of any eye problems in your family. Take that list to your child’s doctor appointment. Follow these steps to protect your child’s vision.Talk to your child’s doctor. Ask the doctor or nurse if there are any problems with your child’s vision. If the doctor recommends a visit to an eye specialist:<ul ><li>Ask your child’s doctor for the name of an eye doctor who is good with kids. <a href="http://www.nei.nih.gov/health/findprofessional.asp" >You can also use these tips to find an eye doctor</a>.</li><li>Write down any information about your child’s vision problem.</li><li><a href="http://www.preventblindness.org/helpful-tips-your-childs-eye-doctor-visit" >Plan your child’s trip to the eye doctor</a>. </li></ul>What about cost? Vision screening for kids is covered under the <a href="http://www.healthcare.gov/law/features/rights/preventive-care/index.html" >Affordable Care Act</a>, the health care reform law passed in 2010. Depending on your insurance plan, your child may be able to get screened at no cost to you.Check with your insurance provider to find out what’s included in your plan. <a href="http://www.healthcare.gov/news/factsheets/2010/07/preventive-services-list.html" >For information about other services covered by the Affordable Care Act, visit HealthCare.gov</a>.If you don’t have health insurance, check these Web sites for free or low-cost eye care programs for children.<ul><li><a href="http://www.sightforstudents.org/" >Sight for Students</a> </li><li><a href="http://www.aoa.org/visionusa.xml" >VISION USA</a> </li></ul>Look out for problems. Schedule an eye exam for your child if you see signs of an eye problem, like if your child’s eyes:<ul><li>Are crossed all the time</li><li>Turn out</li><li>Don’t focus together</li><li>Are red, crusted, or swollen around the eyelids</li></ul><a href="http://www.healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/conditions/eyes/Pages/Warning-Signs-of-Vison-Problems-in-Children.aspx" >Know the warning signs of vision problems in children</a>. Protect your child’s eyes.<ul ><li>Don’t let your child play with toys that have sharp edges or points.</li><li>Keep sharp or pointed objects, like knives and scissors, away from your child.</li><li>Make sure your child wears the right eye protection for sports.</li><li>Protect your child’s eyes from the sun. Look for kids’ sunglasses that block 100% of UVA and UVB rays.</li></ul><a href="http://www.preventblindness.org/protecting-young-children-eye-injuries-home-and-play" >Get more tips on preventing eye accidents</a>. Help develop your child’s vision. It takes skill to match what we see with what we want to do – like when we want to bounce a ball or read a book.Here are ways to help your child develop vision skills:<ul ><li><a href="http://kidshealth.org/parent/growth/learning/reading_toddler.html" >Read to your child</a>. As you read, let your child see what you are reading.</li><li>Play with your child using a chalkboard, finger paints, or different shaped blocks.</li><li>Take your child to the playground to climb the jungle gym and walk on the balance beam.</li><li>Play catch with your child.</li></ul>

Start Today: Small Steps <ul><li>Install safety locks on all cabinets and drawers where chemicals or sharp objects are stored.</li><li><a href="http://www.healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/conditions/eyes/Pages/Recognizing-Vision-Problems.aspx">Know how to spot common vision problems in children</a>. </li><li>Play catch with your child.</li></ul>

The Basics Most teens with depression don’t get the help they need. Depression is serious, but it can be treated with medicine and counseling. If your teen is between ages 12 and 18, talk to a doctor about screening (testing) for depression. More than 1 in 10 teens have some signs of depression.Depression is serious, but it can be treated with counseling and medicine. Most teens with depression don’t get the help they need.Talk to your teen’s doctor about screening for depression, even if you don’t see signs of a problem. Find out what services are available (like therapy or counseling), in case your teen needs follow-up care.What happens during a depression screening? The doctor will ask your teen questions about her feelings and behaviors. The doctor may ask her how often she: <ul > <li>Feels hopeless or sad </li> <li>Has low energy or feels tired all day</li> <li>Has trouble paying attention at school</li> <li>Eats too much or not enough</li> </ul> Screening for depression usually takes about 5 minutes. It can be done as part of your teen’s yearly checkup.What is depression? Teen depression is a serious mental health problem. If your child is depressed, he may:<ul ><li>Feel sad or irritable (easily upset) most of the time </li><li>Lose interest in favorite activities</li><li>Have aches and pains for no reason</li><li>Sleep too much or be unable to sleep</li><li>Eat too much or not enough</li><li>Use drugs or alcohol</li><li>Think about death or suicide</li></ul>It’s normal for teens to have mood swings. It can be hard to tell if your child is just feeling down or if he’s depressed. That’s why it’s so important to have your teen screened for depression.Learn more about depression in teens:<ul><li><a href="http://kidshealth.org/parent/emotions/feelings/understanding_depression.html " >Understanding Depression</a></li><li><a href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/patientinstructions/000646.htm" >Teen Depression</a></li></ul>What causes depression? Depression can happen to anyone. It’s not your fault or your teen’s fault. Some experiences may make it more likely that a teen will develop depression, like:<ul ><li>Dealing with a big loss, like a death or divorce in the family</li><li>Living with someone who is depressed</li><li>Having another mental health problem, like anxiety or an eating disorder</li><li>Feeling stressed at school or at home</li><li>Having a family history of depression</li></ul>Teen girls are more likely to get depressed than teen boys.What if the doctor finds signs of depression? If your child is showing signs of depression, the doctor will:<ul ><li>Refer your teen to a therapist or doctor with special training in helping young people with emotional and behavioral problems</li><li>Order blood tests to check for other health problems </li></ul> Make sure to include your teen when you make any decisions about treatment.

Take Action! Ask the doctor about screening your teen for depression, even if you don’t see signs of a problem. Protect your teen’s mental health. Talk to your teen and your teen’s doctor about depression.Talk to your teen’s doctor about depression screening. Ask the doctor to screen your child for depression. If you are worried about your teen, tell the doctor. Find out what services are available in case your teen needs treatment.What about cost? Screening for depression is covered under the <a href="http://www.healthcare.gov/law/features/rights/preventive-care/index.html" >Affordable Care Act</a>, the health care reform law passed in 2010. Depending on your insurance plan, your teen may be able to get screened at no cost to you. Check with your insurance provider.Even if you don’t have health insurance, free and low-cost mental health services are available. <a href="http://findtreatment.samhsa.gov/MHTreatmentLocator/faces/quickSearch.jspx" >Find mental health services near you</a>.Write down any concerns you have. Keep track of your teen’s actions and words that make you think she might be depressed. If you see a change in your child’s behavior, make a note about the change and when it happened. Include details like: <ul > <li>How long the behavior has been going on</li> <li>How often the behavior happens</li> <li>How serious you think it is</li> </ul> You can share these notes with your teen’s doctor. You can also use them to start a conversation with your teen. Watch for signs that your teen may be thinking about suicide. Most people who are depressed don’t attempt suicide, but depression can increase the risk of suicide and suicide attempts. Suicide is the third leading cause of death for people ages 15 to 24.These behaviors may be signs your teen is thinking about suicide:<ul ><li>Threatening to kill or hurt himself</li><li>Taking dangerous risks like driving recklessly</li><li>Spending less and less time with friends and family</li></ul>If your child is showing some or all of these warning signs, get help right away.<ul ><li>Visit the <a href="http://www.suicidepreventionlifeline.org/" >National Suicide Prevention Lifeline</a> or call 1-800-273-TALK (1-800-273-8255) for information about how to help a loved one.</li><li>Call 911 If someone is in immediate danger.</li></ul>Find resources for your teen. If your child isn’t ready to talk to you about her feelings, there are still things you can do. Help your teen find resources online and in the community that are just for her.<ul ><li><a href="http://websrv02.kidshealth.org/teen/your_mind/mental_health/depression.html" >Depression Information for Teens</a> </li><li> <a href="http://www.girlshealth.gov/feelings/sad/index.cfm" >How to Know if Your “Blues” Are Depression </a>(for girls)</li></ul>Make a list with your teen of other people she can go to with problems or questions, like a teacher, guidance counselor, or adult friend. Point out ways she can get information anonymously (without giving her name).Remind your teen that you are always there if she wants to talk.

Start Today: Small Steps <ul><li>Encourage your teen to write about feelings and problems in a private journal.</li><li><a href="http://www.cdc.gov/parents/teens/index.html">Get tips for raising teens</a>.</li><li>Let your teen know you love and support her.</li></ul>

Start Today: Small Steps <ul><li><a href="http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/RiskAssessment/">Use this tool to see if you are at risk for hepatitis</a>.</li><li>Check with your doctor to see if you’ve had the Hepatitis B vaccine.</li><li><a href="http://www.vaccines.gov/travel/index.html">Find out if you need any vaccines before you travel</a>.</li></ul>